Robert Lemos, Contributing Writer
20 January, 2025 | 4 Min Read
US Department of Commerce ne naye regulations enforce karne ki taiyaari ki hai jisme connected vehicles ke liye China aur Russia se hardware aur software components ke import par ban lagayi gayi hai. Ye faisla cybersecurity concerns ko address karne ke liye liya gaya hai, jo ki national security ke liye khatra ban sakte hain.
Smart vehicles ki production karne wale companies ke liye naye regulations ek badi supply chain disruption laa sakte hain. Ab manufacturers ko apne Vehicle Connectivity Systems (VCS) aur Automated Driving Systems (ADS) me se China aur Russia ke hardware aur software ko hattana hoga.
Ye ban tab aayi hai jab President Biden ne national emergency declare ki thi, is baat ko lekar ki US zyada dependent ho gaya hai China ke information aur communication technology systems (ICTS) par.
Yoav Levy, jo Upstream (automotive cybersecurity provider) ke CEO hain, unhone bataya:
"Threat bilkul real hai. Humne dekha hai ki kaise hackers cars ko compromise kar sakte hain, unke safety features hack kar sakte hain, aur data leak ho sakta hai. Par abhi tak kisi bade level par aisa kuch nahi hua."
Aaj kal automakers traditional car models ke bajay software-defined vehicles (SDVs) par focus kar rahe hain. Par iska matlab hai ki cybersecurity risks badh gaye hain, kyunki in vehicles ka cyberattack surface area zyada ho gaya hai.
Pehle cars me alag-alag models ke liye 100+ ECUs (Electronic Control Units) hote the, jo ek bada risk create karte hain. Ab manufacturers hardware simplify kar rahe hain, jaise Rivian ne apne naye models me ECUs ko 130 se 7 tak reduce kiya hai.
Ye ban, China aur Russia ke technologies ko limit karne ki US ki overall policy ka ek hissa hai. Isse pehle Huawei, TP-Link routers, aur TikTok par bhi cybersecurity ke concerns ki wajah se restrictions lagayi gayi thi.
Ivan Novikov, jo Wallarm ke CEO hain, kehte hain:
"Ye ek agla logical step hai cybersecurity concerns address karne ke liye."
213-page ke final rule ke according, China aur Russia se linked kisi bhi VCS hardware ya software ka use karna prohibited hai. Par abhi tak implementation ke details clear nahi hain.
"Sabse badi baat ye hai ki in regulations ko enforce kaun karega? Jo safety aur crash tests hote hain, woh Department of Transportation (DoT) ke under aate hain. Commerce aur DoT ka coordination zaroori hoga," Novikov ne kaha.
Supply chain par iska asar kaafi bada hoga, kyunki abhi kaafi automakers indirectly China se parts source karte hain. Is transition me saal lag sakte hain, isliye government ne compliance ke liye deadlines define ki hain:
2027 Models: Software components China aur Russia se nahi aane chahiye.
2030 Models: Hardware ko bhi in countries se completely eliminate karna hoga.
Alex Oyler, jo SBD Automotive ke director hain, kehte hain:
"Ab OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) apne suppliers ke saath apne relationships ko redefine kar rahe hain, aur directly components ke specifications dictate karne lage hain."
Yoav Levy ne is replacement ko lekar challenges bataye:
"Supplier replace karna aasaan nahi hai. Financial costs badh sakti hain, software architecture me bhi changes karne ki zarurat ho sakti hai. Ye depend karega ki companies kya replace karna chahte hain."
Bhale hi ye transition costly aur time-consuming hoga, experts ka kehna hai ki ye step zaroori hai. Isse sirf supply chain hi nahi, balki US ki critical infrastructure aur technology ki cybersecurity bhi strong hogi.
Ye policy dikhati hai ki US apne automotive aur technological systems ko secure karne ke liye kitna serious hai.